South Korea’s martial law: Why was it declared and what it means
South Korea’s President Yoon Suk Yeol shocked the citizens after declaring a martial law on December 3.
This was the first time in nearly 50 years that such an extreme move was used in the country.
The decision has since sparked protests and raised questions about its legality and impact on the country’s democracy.
What is the Martial Law?
The Martial law gives the military control over the country during emergencies. Under this law, civil authorities lose their powers, and rights like freedom of speech and assembly can be restricted.
The last time a law like this was declared in South Korea was in 1979 during a coup d’etat. After this, nothing of the sort has been evoked since the country became a democracy in 1987.
How did it happen?
President Yoon made the announcement in a televised address, claiming the country faced a threat from "anti-state forces." Following the announcement, military troops were deployed to parliament, and protests were banned.
However, the declaration was deemed illegal and unconstitutional by political parties and opposition leaders.
Leader of the largest opposition party, Lee Jae-myung of the liberal Democratic Party called for a vote down from his MPs in parliament and protests from citizens.
Following this, thousands of citizens gathered at the National Assembly to resist the move.
Parliament quickly voted to overturn the law, forcing Yoon to back down just hours after his announcement.
Why was it declared?
Yoon has faced growing political troubles, including low approval ratings and corruption scandals involving his government. Opposition parties had also blocked many of his policies. Observers say Yoon’s declaration was a desperate attempt to regain control, but it appears to have deepened his problems.
What happens next?
The opposition party is now pushing to impeach Yoon. Parliament is expected to vote on the matter by December 7. If impeachment passes, the Constitutional Court will hold a trial to decide whether Yoon should remain in office.
South Korea has impeached two presidents in the past, and many believe this could be another historic moment.
The events have left South Koreans deeply concerned about the state of their democracy. Many see this as the biggest political crisis in decades.
Many citizens are calling for Yoon's resignation.
