Does Somalia really contribute nothing? A look beyond Trump’s 'garbage' rhetoric

Trump made comments regarding plans to pause immigration from "third-world countries." He suggested that Somali Americans should consider returning to the Horn of Africa to "fix it."

These remarks coincided with reports of targeted immigration enforcement operations that were focusing on the Somali community in Minnesota. Nearly 58% of Somalis in Minnesota were born in the United States, and 87% of the foreign-born population are naturalised U.S. citizens, according to reports.

The notion that Somalis contribute nothing is strongly refuted by those who see their efforts on the ground, both in their homeland and abroad. 

U.S. Representative Ilhan Omar, who is Somali-born and immigrated to the U.S. at age 12, responded to the "vile" remarks by highlighting that Somali Americans make considerable contributions to the U.S. and are actively working to improve the country. 

Ahmed Soliman, a Horn of Africa researcher, affirmed this view, noting that the Somali population, both in the diaspora and within Somalia, has made "huge contributions to their communities".

In the capital city of Mogadishu, individuals and civil society organisations are stepping into the dangerous gaps left by decades of conflict. 

Somalia has faced ongoing instability since the 1991 fall of the Siad Barre regime, leading to civil conflict and the rise of extremist groups like al-Shabab. 

This has displaced millions, with an estimated 10 million Somalis living in neighbouring countries and nearly 2 million in the global diaspora — about 10% of whom are in North America.

Dr Abdulkadir Abdirahman Adan, a dentist and founder of the country's sole free ambulance service, said Trump “doesn’t know much about Somalis.”

“In every nation, there is some bad people… but not all of them. Somalis, I do believe there are very good people, in generosity, helping others,” he added. 

Adan’s ambulance service is a vital lifeline in a city that regularly endures terror attacks by al-Shabab. He and his staff often risk their lives, arriving at blast scenes shortly after explosions, believing that every life has an equal value. 

With an estimated population of 19.1 million residing within its borders, 10 million in neighbouring countries, and nearly 2 million in the global diaspora, Somalia is far from being a country lacking heritage. 

Despite challenges from climate change and international aid cuts, Somalia’s economic growth of 4.1% in 2024 and projected 3.3% in 2025 is higher than that of the US, which managed 2.8% in 2024 and a projected 2.0% in 2025.

The Horn of Africa nation is recognised as one of the oldest trading nations in the world, with a history dating back many centuries. 

Somalia boasts the longest coastline on continental Africa, touching the Indian Ocean, the Red Sea, and bordering the Gulf of Aden. 

Historically, Somalia houses some of the wealthiest trading ports, including the Mogadishu port, which is now over a thousand years old, along with notable ports such as Kismayo, Berbera, and Zeila.

Somali culture also boasts deep intellectual roots, earning the nation the title “Nation of Poets”. This widespread practice of poetry originated from the nomadic nature of the Somali tradition, where lyrical words were easier for messengers to remember when sending communications.

Somalia played a critical role in early animal domestication, pioneering the domestication of the camel between the third and second millennia BC. This practice, crucial for nomadic life, subsequently spread throughout North Africa and into ancient Egypt. 

Today, Somalia maintains this legacy, possessing the largest population of camels of any single country, with a growing population estimated at 14 million.

The county’s economy is heavily reliant on livestock, which accounts for upwards of 40% of the GDP and 50% of the country’s export earnings. Chief exports include camels and other livestock, hides, fish, frankincense, and a variety of fruits and vegetables.

While the country faces significant challenges, including decades of clan-based conflict and the ongoing fight against al-Shabab, it is actively supported by international partners, such as the World Bank, which is engaged in initiatives aimed at creating jobs, providing social protection, and enhancing climate resilience, benefiting over 738,000 Somalis.